الفرق بين القرض والدين في الفقه الإسلامي

Abstract

In this research, the researcher will explain the differences between Alqard and Addain according to Islamic law in terms of meaning, its meaning and its rules. Debts and Loans have similar meanings, as both are obligations that need to be done. "الدين " in English is "debt" or "credit", while in Malay is "hutang". " القرض " in English is a "loan", while in Malay is "pinjaman". Use of the word "الدين " (debt) is more common than "القرض " (loan) because "الدين " covers the debt to Allah and debt to human, while "القرض " is more specific than "الدين " because it is specific to the value of money in your life. Thus "القرض " and "الدين " occur when a person lends his property to another person, and is obligated to the borrower or the debtor to pay off his debt or loan during their lifetime and this obligations does not end even after their death unless their guardian have paid the debt using the debtor’s money. Debt and lending have become common place around the world whether for himself, for the family or for the country, due to the weak financial system. However, Islam has made it easier for people who are less able to afford or borrow money even though it is not encouraged in Islam. Indeed, the halal is clear, and the haram is clear, Allah Ta’ala allowed debt and loan in the Islamic transaction, even the fuqaha also agreed that it is allowed in Islam. Today, there is still confusion among Muslims regarding debt and loan transactions so that some of them avoid some of the lawful transactions even so there are those who legalize illegal transactions and some who ban illegal transactions. Therefore, researchers have been analyzing from books and on the Internet. Thus the analysis in this study shows that some of the Muslim community considered "الدين " and "القرض " are same, and some of them who believe that the Islamic bank also practices the concept of usury, but in reality the Islamic bank does not practice the concept of usury. This is because, Loans and Debts have differences in different context, but the major difference between them is whether increase in value is allowed during the payment and the return of the money if they return the money after the agreement date. This problem, however still confuses the Muslim community. Therefore, in the last clause, the researcher will discuss the laws relating to loans and debts in detail, and the results of this study analysis will be gathered at the end of this thesis. In Syaa Allah.