التوسعة السعودية الثالثة للحرم المكي الشريف تاريخياً وعمرانياً

Abstract

All praise is due to Allah, Lord of all creation, and pray to His noble messenger, Muhammad (pbuh), the title of this research could be summarized as “Kingdom of Saudi Arabia Third Largest Project in Upgrading the Al- Haram Mosque, Mecca”. Starting with the first chapter of this research which focused on the stature and the importance of the holy city of Mecca, pointing to the most critical historical events that had occurred and recognition of its geographical location. Moreover, the reason that Allah specialized Mecca and placed it with an importance of honorary among all cities, it was due to the existence of the Grand Mosque. However, the existence of the Holy Mosque and what happened in the historic Quranic stories, all of which illustrated the clear view of how Allah protected Mecca from those who had a bad intention and wanted the destruction to end up being such a lesson for those who plan to do the same thing in the future. The governors assume the administration of Mecca according to a specific system and administration, started with the era before Islam, and then through Islam, until the Empire of Umayyah, Abbasiah, Ottoman and finally the Empire of the third Saudi Arabia. The second chapter was describing the way of the governors taking care of the Kaaba, and the holy mosque. It was from the era of the sahabah of prophet Muhammed (pbuh), followed by the Umayyah. It also touched on the most development by the successors of the Abbasiah Empire of the holy Mosque, explained the Ottoman part of the building and the architecture of the mosque, and their construction of the Ottoman gallery, which made extra point to the place with the addition to its construction. Not to forget, with the reference to its religious sanctity. Moving on to the third chapter which is the study of the kingdom of Saudi Arabia and how their rulers are concerned with the Holy Mosque, it started from the very beginning to the reign of King Abdul Aziz bin Abdul Rahman Al Saud, followed by his sons whom continued the journey for taking care of greatest Islamic areas. The fourth chapter happened in 1988 which is the year of the Holy Mosque was under the responsibility of King Fahd bin Abdul Aziz, who came after his brothers king Saud, Khalid and Feisal. It is followed by introduction about him, his background and the period of him as a king. It was also describing about the most important part which is His duties for the Holy Mosque. The side of the Holy Mosque and civilization was remarkable. This had attracted the newspapers and media, and he continued the duty honestly until he passed away. The journey of continuing the same duty after his death was furthered by his brother, Abdullah bin Abdul Aziz. The fifth chapter was providing a summary of his life and the period of him as a king. The development in upgrading the Holy Mosque during his period was great and he was honored personally to direct the supervision of the expansion, and the reflections of his directives is visible until today, under the royal patronage by his brother, king Salman bin Abdul Aziz, who is continuing the job after him. Need to say, the most huge part of the services resulting due to this blessing project, provided more details which showed the areas that worked out to accommodate the worshippers and visitors from both local and foreign pilgrims and also those who came to perform Umrah. This research has also highlighted the latest and modern facilities, guidance and services provided to the Holy Mosque, working on the efficiency of the place and achieving the requirements in order to serve the guests and the visitors. The researcher provided some recommendations at the end of this research, which became facts within the year of 2017.