إسهامات علماء فطاني في خدمة الفقه الإسلامي في القرن الثالث عشر الهجري

Abstract

This study aims to explain the contribution of Patani scholars in the service of Islamic legislation among the scholars who lived in the thirteenth century Hijrah and reveal the origin of their curriculum (Manhaj) in the spread of Islam and Islamic legislation. Who is the most interested in their writings? They are among the scholars who played a significant role and contributed significantly to the leadership of the Ummah. They are the heirs of the prophets who inherited knowledge, work and da’wah. Therefore, the limit of the study is limited to the title: “The contribution of Patani scholars to Islamic Legislative Services in the 13th Century Hijrah.” The study’s descriptiveanalytical approach is based on data from Patani scholars and historical books. To achieve the objective of this study, after the introduction, the researcher describes the following titles: the overall picture of Islam in Patani, its entry and spread, and the expansion of the Shafi’i school of thought in it, then the approach of the Patani Ulama in recitation, ijtihad, and fatwa in the thirteenth Hijrah. Moreover, the contribution of Patani Ulama is included in their fiqh books; Sheikh Daud Al-Fatani, Sheikh Ahmad Al-Fatani, Sheikh Tuan Manal Al-Fatani, and Sheikh Nik Mat Kecil. The researcher concludes this study with the verdict: Patani became one of the most important centres of knowledge and civilization in the thirteenth century Hijrah. The study also reveals that Patani Ulama was brilliant in teaching, issuing fatwas and authoring books in Arabic and Malay-Jawi in the sciences of Aqidah and Fiqh through the Shafi’i school of thought Sufism. And most of them translated the books of Mu’tabar Shafi’i fuqaha from Arabic to Malay Jawi, partly explained and transferred from their texts, and took the original texts into their books, then translated and explained. Without distinction of their positions, the author sometimes separates himself from one of them by mentioning Imam Al-Nawawi without mentioning Imam Al-Rafi’i and Imam Ibn Hajar without saying Imam Al-Ramli. An unobtrusive density characterizes their writings. Finally, the study shows that the Patani ulama have been heavily influenced by the Shafi’i method of authorship. The people of Patani hold firmly and consider the Islamic fiqh books of the Patani Ulama as the primary guide and are very influential in teaching the Shafi’i school of fiqh to the people of Patani in particular and the Malay Peninsula in general.